Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)


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At a glance

Names

Latin (scientific) name: Acer saccharum

Common English name: Sugar Maple

Other names: Hard Maple, Rock Maple

French name: Érable à sucre

Type

deciduous tree icon

Deciduous

Plant Hardiness Zone

3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b

Status

species native to Canada

Native

Size at Maturity

35 m

Life Expectancy

Long-lived

Where it grows

Plant Hardiness Zone

3a, 3b, 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b, 6a, 6b

Habitat

Requires cool and moist environments.

Preferred Soil Type

Prefers soil containing lime.

Distribution Across Canada

Eastern Canada

What it looks like

At Maturity

Large or medium size tree, rounded outline, straight trunk.

Bark

Smooth when young, scaly grey with age.

Leaf

Canada’s national tree. Classic 5 pointed leaf, 15 cm long.  Famous for brilliant reds, yellows and oranges that the leaves turn in the autumn. Main source of sap used in maple syrup production due to it’s higher sugar content than the other maple species and therefore requires less effort to boil down.

Bud

deciduous tree icon

Fruit

deciduous tree icon

Plump, double keys, wings hang down from seed.

Flower

Delicate clusters of greenish flowers hanging downwards.

What affects it

Pests

Common diseases

Leaf scorch can be caused by drought.

Values and Uses

Edible fruit/nut tree?

yes, sap

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